Localized accumulations of body fat, resistant to diet and exercise, can be permanently eliminated through Liposuction or Liposculpture, a closed body-contouring technique. It can be performed on any area, but the areas where it is most frequently practiced are the hips, thighs, knees, abdomen, and submental region. The amount of fat that can be removed is limited and determined case by case by the surgeon, based on the individual patient's characteristics. The procedure can, however, be repeated. It leaves minimal skin scars (a few millimeters), placed along natural skin creases and therefore destined to become barely visible. However, any stretch marks or subcutaneous irregularities are not easily corrected with this procedure. The type of anesthesia, hospital stay, frequency and type of dressings, and timing of stitch removal depend on the individual clinical case and the technique used. The result, although appreciable from the very first days, becomes evident in no less than two months and is set to improve further with a proper diet, toning physical activity, and lymphatic drainage massages on the treated areas.

The enlargement of the mammary gland in men leads to the unaesthetic condition known as Gynecomastia. It is due to endocrinological or hereditary factors and often causes psychological problems. Sometimes it is not the gland that has increased in volume but exclusively the fatty tissue. Only a breast ultrasound can reliably assess whether the fatty or glandular component predominates, thus guiding the choice between one treatment or the other. Surgical correction is achieved either through simple liposuction of the excess fat where there is a fatty buildup, or through a surgical incision in cases where there is an actual increase in the gland. These two approaches, which can in any case be combined, involve some variability in planning the hospital stay, which can be day surgery or an overnight stay, and in the subsequent recovery.

When breast volume is increased to the point of interfering with social life and causing physical discomfort such as back pain or recurring dermatitis in the inframammary fold, this excess can be surgically reduced with breast reduction surgery. Through a series of skin incisions, breast tissue is removed and the nipple area is repositioned higher up. The procedure, performed under general anesthesia, lasts about two to three hours and requires a hospital stay of at least one night. Drains are usually placed and removed after one to two days, and dressing always involves the use of a supportive bra. The stitches are removed after about 14 days, during which rest is recommended. Unfortunately the scars are quite visible and must always be clearly explained to the patient.

Liposuction can be combined with a “lipofilling” procedure: the fat removed is purified and prepared for reimplantation, and is then immediately inserted into the body areas whose volume is to be increased. It is a procedure suitable for filling facial wrinkles, where it ensures a longer duration than hyaluronic acid, or depressed areas of the body, where it allows asymmetries or defects to be corrected naturally, without the use of prosthetic materials. One's own fat is generally very well tolerated by the body and does not cause rejection, although in some cases it can create an inflammatory reaction. It has strong reconstructive and functional value in cases where one wishes to restore a body area affected by congenital defects or that has suffered traumatic injuries or demolitive surgery in the case of tumors. Unfortunately it is limited by the availability of the patient's own body fat, but it can nonetheless be repeated.